中國(guó)專(zhuān)業(yè)當(dāng)代藝術(shù)資訊平臺(tái)
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藝術(shù)家簡(jiǎn)介


  馬特·克里肖,英國(guó)當(dāng)代藝術(shù)家,于1961年生于英國(guó)諾丁漢,居住和生活在倫敦??死镄?986年畢業(yè)于倫敦大學(xué)金史密斯學(xué)院 (Goldsmiths, University of London),和著名的達(dá)敏·赫斯特等一樣是YBAs(青年英國(guó)藝術(shù)家組織)的重要成員之一。

  青年英國(guó)藝術(shù)家組織YBAs囊括了一群在英國(guó)進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作的概念藝術(shù)家、畫(huà)家、雕塑家和裝置藝術(shù)家,其中大部分藝術(shù)家都畢業(yè)于倫敦大學(xué)的金史密斯學(xué)院。YBAs的稱(chēng)號(hào)來(lái)自于薩其畫(huà)廊(Saatchi Gallery)的1992年籌劃舉辦的同名展覽,使這些才華橫溢的年輕藝術(shù)家們的聲望大增,成為倫敦當(dāng)代藝術(shù)的中流砥柱。YBAs也已經(jīng)成為了一個(gè)歷史性的稱(chēng)號(hào),因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)的青年英國(guó)藝術(shù)家們現(xiàn)在大都已經(jīng)四十多歲了。他們以顛覆傳統(tǒng)的另類(lèi)藝術(shù)示人,也因這種別開(kāi)生面的創(chuàng)意和藝術(shù)形式聲名遠(yuǎn)揚(yáng),他們使用廢棄物和野生動(dòng)植物作為原材料進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作,體裁新穎,抨擊時(shí)事,無(wú)所顧忌并且寓意深刻,可以說(shuō)YBAs在某些方面主導(dǎo)了90年代的英國(guó)現(xiàn)當(dāng)代藝術(shù)。馬特·克里肖作為YBAs的代表人物,一直致力于表現(xiàn)模糊藝術(shù)與現(xiàn)實(shí)兩者間的界限。他不斷的對(duì)其作品進(jìn)行新的嘗試:以印刷、投影、照明等多樣化的方式詮釋人們熟知的事物。

  馬特·克里肖是國(guó)際眾多知名展覽和畫(huà)廊的???,他的作品曾在世界知名的各大展覽如:倫敦薩里碼頭的“凍結(jié)展”(Freeze)、紐約Tanya Bonakdar畫(huà)廊的“受控展”(Controlled),慕尼黑的格林/羅森菲爾德 (Grimm/Rosenfeld)畫(huà)廊的“寓言展”(The Parable Show),英國(guó)皇家藝術(shù)學(xué)院的 “感覺(jué)” (Sensation)以及馬德里Helga de Alvear畫(huà)廊“經(jīng)過(guò)展”(The Passing)等占據(jù)了顯要位置并引起巨大反響。同時(shí)他也是德國(guó)慕尼黑的Grimm/Rosenfeld 畫(huà)廊, 美國(guó)紐約的Tanya Bonakdar畫(huà)廊和法國(guó)巴黎的Cosmic Gallerie畫(huà)廊等國(guó)際知名畫(huà)廊重要的代理藝術(shù)家之一。

  克里肖因其攝影作品和視頻裝置作品而備受關(guān)注,他的作品中充斥著性、暴力、毒品。如果條件允許,克里肖甚至?xí)⒆髌放c展出的場(chǎng)地環(huán)境真實(shí)充分融合,讓人們?cè)谟^看他的作品時(shí),感覺(jué)亦幻亦真,真實(shí)和迷離并存??死镄さ淖髌芬矔?huì)采用大量其他媒介,如攝影、繪畫(huà)、視頻、裝置以及鑲嵌圖案。融合古代藝術(shù)的風(fēng)格、表現(xiàn)手法和新鮮的體裁元素進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作。

  1996年的作品《彈孔》使克里肖在藝術(shù)圈被人熟知,讓我們以這件代表作為例來(lái)對(duì)馬特·克里肖的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格進(jìn)行大致的了解:藝術(shù)家以從醫(yī)院病例中取得的一張人頭部中槍的照片為粉本,經(jīng)過(guò)畫(huà)面的特殊處理和局部放大后,分割安置在15個(gè)燈箱上。初看時(shí)觀眾很難理解這個(gè)顏色鮮艷的東西是什么,在仔細(xì)審視并閱讀作品說(shuō)明后重新來(lái)過(guò),血淋淋的頭皮、頭發(fā)和彈孔赫然眼前,作品本身的視覺(jué)沖擊力和威懾力不言而喻,克里肖用這種“唯美”的極端方式向觀者喊出了他反對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)暴力和槍支私有化的呼聲。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),《彈孔》是克里肖藝術(shù)歷程上的一次重大突破,它初步確立了克里肖的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格特征,藝術(shù)家善于還原生活中普通事物不為人所注意的美麗,這種美麗很奇特但卻令人震驚,他以這種視角來(lái)審視通過(guò)攝影技法產(chǎn)生的,對(duì)于自然事物的另類(lèi)詮釋。

  克里肖以特殊的技巧和風(fēng)格,把他的當(dāng)代藝術(shù)觀念以圖像和裝置的方式進(jìn)行表現(xiàn),卻能使觀者聯(lián)想與作品年代相去甚遠(yuǎn)的古代藝術(shù),例如他經(jīng)常利用古羅馬藝術(shù)和宗教藝術(shù)中的鑲嵌效果,來(lái)制作數(shù)碼圖片和數(shù)字像素圖像,克里肖以這種方式把傳統(tǒng)和當(dāng)代藝術(shù)觀念結(jié)合在一起,使作品內(nèi)涵更加豐富。克里肖將他的二分法(生存與死亡、吸引與排斥)作為其藝術(shù)作品的中心思想,來(lái)考察觀者在觀看其作品時(shí)候的自然憂慮反應(yīng)。

  Kristallnacht是一組照片裝置作品,一組黑白照片被安置在燈箱上,克里肖在燈箱中安置了 多彩偏光鏡,在燈箱光源打開(kāi)后,黑白老照片立刻被萬(wàn)花筒般的眩目顏色所籠罩,很容易吸引觀者駐足。但當(dāng)人們近距離觀賞時(shí),會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)作品本身的內(nèi)容并不像它呈現(xiàn)的顏色那么誘人,霓虹燈上的照片真實(shí)再現(xiàn)了1938年11月9日發(fā)生 “碎玻璃之夜恐怖事件”(二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期德國(guó)納粹對(duì)德國(guó)猶太社區(qū)猶太人實(shí)施的一次大屠殺)之后的街頭景象。克里肖通過(guò)其作品的視覺(jué)傳遞來(lái)觸動(dòng)觀者的潛意識(shí),而從不介意觀者是否喜歡。

  克里肖的藝術(shù)是19世紀(jì)維多利亞風(fēng)格的再現(xiàn),著迷于外表華麗的細(xì)節(jié)裝飾,卻隱含著社會(huì)陰暗面。因此克里肖的創(chuàng)作源泉多來(lái)自于令人難以接受的下層社會(huì),它們是被遺忘和被鄙視的社會(huì)組成部分,從施虐受虐狂和吸毒者,到童妓和暴力,他的作品涉獵范圍無(wú)所不包。當(dāng)別人評(píng)論克里肖的作品是披著十九世紀(jì)維多利亞風(fēng)格的外套來(lái)滿足觀者的視覺(jué)欲望時(shí),他往往使用類(lèi)似的回答:“矯情,生活便是無(wú)處不在的矯情!電視,雜志和媒介廣告都被制作的極具視覺(jué)沖擊力,以征服觀眾的視覺(jué)和心靈。我的作品所真正想要表述給觀者就是視覺(jué)意象的內(nèi)在構(gòu)造,以及這種構(gòu)造如何對(duì)我們的思維進(jìn)行顛覆。”

  克里肖從狂妄的年輕時(shí)代到現(xiàn)在空前安逸的成熟,完成了他在YBA的藝術(shù)蛻變。他開(kāi)辟了將暴力粗暴的元素通過(guò)改造和重塑等手段融入藝術(shù)作品中這一新鮮方式,雖然克里肖個(gè)性極強(qiáng)的作品風(fēng)格和取材會(huì)讓人感到強(qiáng)烈的不適,但也因此擁有了大批的簇?fù)碚?,?duì)其風(fēng)格和作品趨之若鶩,頂禮膜拜??死镄な悄菢拥目斩?、無(wú)禮、傲慢、神經(jīng)質(zhì)與同時(shí)代的其他人格格不入,但他始終保持著他的特立獨(dú)行,這也許很讓人討厭,但也就是這種性格造就了克里肖卓爾不群的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格,并使他取得了巨大的成功。



 
作者:王純子

年鑒


Mat Collishaw Biography 1966 Born in Nottingham, England 1986 Trent Polytechnic, Nottingham, England 1989 BA Fine Art, Goldsmiths College, University of London, England Lives and works in London, England Photographer, sculptor and filmmaker. Mat Collishaw was born in Nottingham and studied at Goldsmith’s College in London. Much of his work contains historical and art-historical references to the interaction between nature and culture. Often the images are appropriated and digitally altered, the underlying theme being the relationship between representation and reality. The artist lives and works in London. Selected Exhibitions 2008 - 2009 Mat Collishaw, Alalix Forever, Geneva, Switzerland (solo) 2008 Deliverance, Tanya Bonakdar Gallery, New York (solo) 2008 Shooting Star, Haunch of Venison, London, UK (solo) 2008 Summer Exhibition - In The Old Fashioned Way, Gallery 8, Royal Academi, Aberdour, UK 2007 Cornice Art Fair, Analix Forever, Geneva (solo) 2007 Venice Biennale 2007 Reconstruction #2, Sudeley Castle, Gloucestershire 2006 Handsome, Analix Forever, Geneva 2006 Buenas noches, Analix Forever, Geneva (solo) 2006 Raucci/Santamaria Gallery, Naples (solo) 2005 No one is innocent, Grimm Rosenfeld, Munich (solo) 2005 The Parable Show, Grimm/Rosenfeld, Munich 2005 Fragile, Analix Forever, Geneva 2005 Inverleith House, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, UK (solo) 2004 Analix Forever, Geneva I, Assassin, Wallspace Gallery, New York Tanya Bonakdar Gallery, New York Gardens, Tate Britain, London 2003 The Luminous Image, VI (curated by Franc Palaia), Collaborative Concepts, Beacon, NY Retinal Stain/Persistance Retinienne, Artissima, Turin (November), Art Basel Miami (December) Modern Art, London Cadrage, Analix Forever, Geneva 2002 - 2003 Raucci/Santamaria Gallery, Naples 2002 Penetration, Marriane Boesky Gallery/Friedrich Petzel Gallery, New York, NY Cosmic Galerie, Paris Unexpected Selections from the Martin Z. Margulies Collection:Art from 185 to the present, The Art Museum at Florida International University, Miami, Florida T ableaux Vivants: Living Pictures and Attitudes in Photography, Film, and Video, Kunsthalle, Vienna, Austria Mirroring Evil/Nazi Imagery in Recent Art, The Jewish Museum, New York, NY Nausea, Djanogly Art Gallery, Nottingham, England New Religious Art, Liverpool Biennial curated by Neal Brown 2001 New Works, Galerie Analix Forever, Geneva, Switzerland Mat Collishaw, Site Gallery, Sheffield, England Raucci/Santamaria, Naples, Italy New Works, Modern Art, London, England Ultra Violet Baby, 4 day film screening, Shoreditch Town Hall, London, England Bonakdar Jancou Gallery, New York, NY Lux Gallery, London, England At Sea, Sainsbury Centre, UEA, Norwich, England At Sea, Tate Liverpool, Liverpool, England Tattoo Show, Modern Art, London, England Electronic Maple, New York Centre for Media Arts, New York, NY Sacred & Profane, A Sheffield Galleries & Museums Trust Touring Exhibition, Sheffield, England Claustrophobia, Cartwright Hall, Lister Park, Bradford, England 2000 Museum of Contemporary Art, Warsaw, Poland 2000 Greenhouse Effect, Serpentine Gallery, London, England 2000 1000+1 Nacht, Landesmuseum, Linz, Austria 2000 Sex and the British, Thaddaeus Ropac Gallery, Paris, France 2000 And She Will Have Your Eyes Forever, Galerie Analix Forever, Geneva, Switzerland 2000 Bierfest, VTO, London, England 1999 EXTRAerORDINAIRE, Printemps de Cahors, France 1999 Galleria d'Arte Moderna, Bologna, Italy 1999 Flesheaters, Galerie Analix Forever, Geneva, Switzerland 1998 Bloom Gallery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 1998 Bonakdar Jancou Gallery, New York, NY 1998 Exterminating Angel, Galerie Guislaine Hussenot, Paris, France 1998 Claustrophobia, IKON Gallery, Birmingham, AL 1998 Two person exhibition with Damien Hirst, Anne Faggionato, London, England 1998 London Calling, British Art School at Rome, Rome, Italy 1998 Close Echoes, City Gallery, Prague, Czech Republic 1998 The Edge of Awareness, P.S. 1 Museum, Long Island City, NY 1998 Then and Now, Lisson Gallery, London, England 1997 Pictura Britannica, Museum of Contemporary Arts, Sydney, Australia 1997 Sensation: Young British Artist from the Saatchi Collection, Royal Academy of Arts, London, England 1997 Full House: Young British Art, Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg, Wolfsburg, Germany 1997 Galerie Analix Forever, Geneva, Switzerland 1997 Galleria Raucci/Santamaria, Naples, Italy 1997 Duty Free Spirits, Lisson Gallery, London, England 1997 Urban Legends, Staatliche Kunsthalle, Baden Baden, Germany 1997 London Live, Kunstmuseum, Wolfsburg, Germany 1997 The Citybank Private Bank Photography Prize, Royal College of Art, London, England 1997 Live/Life, Funda?ao de Descobertes, Lisbon, Portugal 1996 Control Freaks, Tanya Bonakdar Gallery, New York, NY 1996 Fernbedienung/Does Television inform the Way Art is Made?, Grazer Kunstverein, Graz, Austria 1996 The Inner Eye, Manchester City Art Gallery, Manchester, England 1996 Manifesta, Natural History Museum, Rotterdam, The Netherlands 1996 The British Art Show IV, Hayward Gallery for the Arts, London, England 1996 Exchanging Interiors, Museun Van Loon, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 1996 Comme un oiseau, Fondation Cartier, Paris, France 1996 Hybrids, De Appel, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 1996 Statements, Art Unlimited, Basel, Switzerland 1996 Life/Live, Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, Paris, France 1995 Galerie Analix Forever, Geneva, Switzerland 1995 Camden Arts Center, London, England 1995 The British Art Show IV, Hayward Gallery for the Arts, London, England 1995 Brilliant ! (New Art From London), Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, MN 1995 Hardcore II, Factual Nonsense, London, England 1995 Minky Manky, South London Gallery, London, England 1995 The Fourth Istanbul Biennial, Art and Culture Foundation, Istanbul, Turkey 1995 Wild Walls, Stedeljik Museum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 1995 Here and Now, Serpentine Gallery, London, England 1995 2+2 and 4 for 4, Karaoke, South London Gallery, London, England 1994 Institute for Cultural Anxiety, I.C.A., London, England 1994 Incertaine Identité, Galerie Analix Forever, Geneva, Switzerland 1994 Corpus Delicti-London in the 90's, Kunstforeningen, Copenhagen, Denmark 1994 Winter of Love II, P.S. 1, Long Island City, NY 1994 Soggetto-Soggetto, Castello di Rivoli, Torino, Italy 1994 Rien à signaler, Galerie Analix Forever, Geneva, Switzerland 1994 L'Hiver de l'Amour, Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, Paris, France 1994 Galerie Raucci/Santamaria, Naples, Italy 1993 Galerie Analix Forever, Geneva, Switzerland 1993 Centre d'art contemporain, Martigny, Switzerland Literature 2001 'A Contemporary Cabinet of Curiosities', Selections from the Vicki & Kent Logan Collection, CCAC, 2001 1999 ‘Vision. 50 years British Creativity’, Thames & Hudson. Text by David Sylvester,David Hockney, Melvin Bragg, Michael Craig – Martin, Nicholas Serota 1998 ‘Real/Life: New British Art’, exhibition catalogue, published by The Asahi Shimbun, Japan 1997 'Mat Collishaw ', Jon Thompson, Artimo Foundation 1997 ‘Screen’, portfolio of 11 prints by 12 artists, Anne Faggionato Gallery, published by Charles Booth-Clibborn 1996 Push Ups, exhibition catalogue, Athens 1996 Live/Life exhibition catalogue, Musee d’Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris 1996 Digital Gardens: A world in Mutation, exhibition catalogue, The Power Plant 1996 Fernbedienung, exhibition catalogue, Grazer Kunstverein 1995 Manifesta One, exhibition catalogue, Rotterdam 1995 Corpus Delicti, Kunstforeeningen, Copenhagen, Denmark, Torben Christensen and Andrew Renton 1995 British Art Show, National Touring Exhibitions, A Hayward Gallery Publication 1995 Istanbul Biennial exhibition catalogue, Istambul Foundation for Culture and Arts, Turkey 1994 Sogetto Sogetto, Castello di Rivoli, Italy, Giorgio Verzotti & Antonella Russo 1993 Aperto, Venice Biennale XLV Links to further information